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An SPF record, or Sender Policy Framework record, is a type of DNS entry that helps prevent email spoofing by specifying which mail servers are permitted to send emails on behalf of a domain. The spf record format typically includes mechanisms like "v=spf1", "a", "mx", "ip4", and "include" directives to define authorized senders. For example, an spf record sample might look like "v=spf1 ip4:192.0.2.0/24 include:example.com -all", where "-all" denotes that all other servers are not authorized to send mail for the domain. The format of spf record allows for multiple includes, providing flexibility in specifying various sending sources. Understanding spf record formatting is crucial, especially when dealing with dynamic IP addresses, as you may need to frequently update the record to reflect changes. Additionally, there are spf lookup limits, which dictate the number of DNS lookups that can be performed to retrieve the SPF record, often set at a maximum of 10. To add an IP to an spf record, you would include the "ip4" or "ip6" directive followed by the IP address. Properly configuring an SPF record, as shown in spf record examples, enhances email deliverability and security by reducing the chances of your domain being used for fraudulent activities. Understanding spf all vs all, where "-all" is a hard fail and "~all" is a soft fail, is essential for setting the appropriate policy for your domain's email authentication.